PHP में Path से File Name प्राप्त करना

File path से filename (और extension के बिना) निकालने के तरीके।

विधि 1: pathinfo() - सबसे पूर्ण जानकारी

<?php
$path = '/home/user/documents/report.pdf';

$info = pathinfo($path);

print_r($info);
/*
Array
(
    [dirname] => /home/user/documents
    [basename] => report.pdf
    [extension] => pdf
    [filename] => report
)
*/

// Specific elements
echo $info['basename'];   // report.pdf (with extension)
echo $info['filename'];   // report (without extension)
echo $info['extension'];  // pdf
echo $info['dirname'];    // /home/user/documents

विधि 2: basename() - सिर्फ Filename

<?php
$path = '/home/user/documents/report.pdf';

echo basename($path);        // report.pdf
echo basename($path, '.pdf'); // report (extension remove करता है)

// Multiple extensions के लिए
echo basename($path, '.tar.gz'); // report.tar (केवल .gz हटाता है!)

विधि 3: SplFileInfo (Object-Oriented)

<?php
$file = new SplFileInfo('/home/user/documents/report.pdf');

echo $file->getFilename();        // report.pdf
echo $file->getBasename('.pdf');  // report
echo $file->getExtension();       // pdf
echo $file->getPath();            // /home/user/documents
echo $file->getPathname();        // /home/user/documents/report.pdf
echo $file->getRealPath();        // Real path (symlinks resolved)

// Directory iteration के लिए उपयोगी
foreach (new DirectoryIterator('/home/user/docs') as $file) {
    if ($file->isFile()) {
        echo $file->getFilename() . "\n";
    }
}

विधि 4: Manual Parsing (Performance Critical)

<?php
function getFileName($path) {
    $len = strlen($path);
    $end = $len;
    
    // Find last slash
    for ($i = $len - 1; $i >= 0; $i--) {
        if ($path[$i] === '/' || $path[$i] === '\\') {
            $start = $i + 1;
            return substr($path, $start, $end - $start);
        }
    }
    return $path; // No directory separator
}

function getFileNameWithoutExt($path) {
    $name = getFileName($path);
    $dotPos = strrpos($name, '.');
    return $dotPos !== false ? substr($name, 0, $dotPos) : $name;
}

Edge Cases Handle करना

<?php
$paths = [
    '/home/user/file.txt',
    '/home/user/.hidden',
    '/home/user/file.tar.gz',
    '/home/user/file.',
    '/home/user/',
    'file.txt',           // Relative
    'C:\Windows\file.ini' // Windows path
];

foreach ($paths as $path) {
    echo "Path: $path\n";
    echo "  basename: " . basename($path) . "\n";
    echo "  filename: " . (pathinfo($path)['filename'] ?? 'N/A') . "\n";
    echo "  ext: " . (pathinfo($path)['extension'] ?? 'none') . "\n";
    echo "\n";
}

/*
Path: /home/user/file.txt
  basename: file.txt
  filename: file
  ext: txt

Path: /home/user/.hidden
  basename: .hidden
  filename: .hidden (no extension)
  ext: none

Path: /home/user/file.tar.gz
  basename: file.tar.gz
  filename: file.tar (pathinfo only removes last .ext)
  ext: gz

Path: /home/user/
  basename: user (directory name!)
  filename: user
  ext: none
*/

Windows Paths के लिए

<?php
// DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR उपयोग करें cross-platform के लिए
$path = 'C:\Users\Name\file.txt';

// Normalize करें
$normalized = str_replace('\\', '/', $path);
// या
$normalized = str_replace(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, '/', $path);

echo basename($normalized); // file.txt

// PHP 8.0+: pathinfo() handles both separators
$info = pathinfo($path); // Works on Windows too