मास्टर लिनक्स:विस्तृत सीपीयू जानकारी प्राप्त करने के लिए 9 आवश्यक कमांड

1. कैट कमांड का उपयोग करके सीपीयू जानकारी प्राप्त करें

$ cat /proc/cpuinfo

processor : 0
vendor_id : GenuineIntel
cpu family : 6
model : 69
model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4210U CPU @ 1.70GHz
stepping : 1
microcode : 0x1c
cpu MHz : 1700.062
cache size : 3072 KB
physical id : 0
siblings : 4
core id : 0
cpu cores : 2
apicid : 0
initial apicid : 0
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm epb tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts
bugs :
bogomips : 4788.92
clflush size : 64
cache_alignment : 64
address sizes : 39 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:
......

$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'vendor' | uniq #view vendor name
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'model name' | uniq #display model name
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep processor | wc -l #count the number of processing units
$ cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep 'core id' #show individual cores 

2. lscpu कमांड - सीपीयू आर्किटेक्चर जानकारी दिखाता है

$ lscpu

Architecture: x86_64
CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order: Little Endian
CPU(s): 4
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3
Thread(s) per core: 2
Core(s) per socket: 2
Socket(s): 1
NUMA node(s): 1
Vendor ID: GenuineIntel
CPU family: 6
Model: 69
Model name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4210U CPU @ 1.70GHz
Stepping: 1
CPU MHz: 1303.687
CPU max MHz: 2700.0000
CPU min MHz: 800.0000
BogoMIPS: 4788.92
Virtualization: VT-x
L1d cache: 32K
L1i cache: 32K
L2 cache: 256K
L3 cache: 3072K
NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3
Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm epb tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts

3. cpuid कमांड - x86 CPU

$ sudo apt install cpuid #Debian/Ubuntu systems
$ sudo yum install cpuid #RHEL/CentOS systems 
$ sudo dnf install cpuid #Fedora 22+ 

$ cpuid

CPU 0:
 vendor_id = "GenuineIntel"
 version information (1/eax):
 processor type = primary processor (0)
 family = Intel Pentium Pro/II/III/Celeron/Core/Core 2/Atom, AMD Athlon/Duron, Cyrix M2, VIA C3 (6)
 model = 0x5 (5)
 stepping id = 0x1 (1)
 extended family = 0x0 (0)
 extended model = 0x4 (4)
 (simple synth) = Intel Mobile Core i3-4000Y / Mobile Core i5-4000Y / Mobile Core i7-4000Y / Mobile Pentium 3500U/3600U/3500Y / Mobile Celeron 2900U (Mobile U/Y) (Haswell), 22nm
 miscellaneous (1/ebx):
 process local APIC physical ID = 0x0 (0)
 cpu count = 0x10 (16)
 CLFLUSH line size = 0x8 (8)
 brand index = 0x0 (0)
 brand id = 0x00 (0): unknown
 feature information (1/edx):
 x87 FPU on chip = true
 virtual-8086 mode enhancement = true
 debugging extensions = true
 page size extensions = true
 time stamp counter = true
 RDMSR and WRMSR support = true
 physical address extensions = true
....

4. dmidecode कमांड - Linux हार्डवेयर जानकारी

$ sudo dmidecode --type processor

# dmidecode 3.0
Getting SMBIOS data from sysfs.
SMBIOS 2.7 present.
Handle 0x0004, DMI type 4, 42 bytes
Processor Information
 Socket Designation: U3E1
 Type: Central Processor
 Family: Core i5
 Manufacturer: Intel(R) Corporation
 ID: 51 06 04 00 FF FB EB BF
 Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 69, Stepping 1
 Flags:
 FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip)
 VME (Virtual mode extension)
 DE (Debugging extension)
 PSE (Page size extension)
 TSC (Time stamp counter)
 MSR (Model specific registers)
 PAE (Physical address extension)
 MCE (Machine check exception)
 CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported)
 APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported)
 SEP (Fast system call)
 MTRR (Memory type range registers)
 PGE (Page global enable)
 MCA (Machine check architecture)
.....

5. Inxi टूल - लिनक्स सिस्टम जानकारी दिखाता है

$ sudo apt install inxi #Debian/Ubuntu systems
$ sudo yum install inxi #RHEL/CentOS systems 
$ sudo dnf install inxi #Fedora 22+ 

$ inxi -C

CPU: Dual core Intel Core i5-4210U (-HT-MCP-) cache: 3072 KB 
 clock speeds: max: 2700 MHz 1: 1958 MHz 2: 1993 MHz 3: 1775 MHz 4: 1714 MHz

6. lshw टूल - सूची हार्डवेयर कॉन्फ़िगरेशन

$ sudo lshw -C CPU

*-cpu 
 description: CPU
 product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4210U CPU @ 1.70GHz
 vendor: Intel Corp.
 physical id: 4
 bus info: cpu@0
 version: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4210U CPU @ 1.70GHz
 serial: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
 slot: U3E1
 size: 2626MHz
 capacity: 2700MHz
 width: 64 bits
 clock: 100MHz
 capabilities: x86-64 fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc aperfmperf eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm epb tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts cpufreq
 configuration: cores=2 enabledcores=2 threads=4

7. हार्डइन्फो - जीटीके+ विंडो

$ sudo apt install hardinfo #Debian/Ubuntu systems
$ sudo yum install hardinfo #RHEL/CentOS systems 
$ sudo dnf install hardinfo #Fedora 22+ 

$ hardinfo 

8. hwinfo - वर्तमान हार्डवेयर जानकारी दिखाता है

$ hwinfo --cpu

01: None 00.0: 10103 CPU 
 [Created at cpu.460]
 Unique ID: rdCR.j8NaKXDZtZ6
 Hardware Class: cpu
 Arch: X86-64
 Vendor: "GenuineIntel"
 Model: 6.69.1 "Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-4210U CPU @ 1.70GHz"
 Features: fpu,vme,de,pse,tsc,msr,pae,mce,cx8,apic,sep,mtrr,pge,mca,cmov,pat,pse36,clflush,dts,acpi,mmx,fxsr,sse,sse2,ss,ht,tm,pbe,syscall,nx,pdpe1gb,rdtscp,lm,constant_tsc,arch_perfmon,pebs,bts,rep_good,nopl,xtopology,nonstop_tsc,aperfmperf,eagerfpu,pni,pclmulqdq,dtes64,monitor,ds_cpl,vmx,est,tm2,ssse3,sdbg,fma,cx16,xtpr,pdcm,pcid,sse4_1,sse4_2,movbe,popcnt,tsc_deadline_timer,aes,xsave,avx,f16c,rdrand,lahf_lm,abm,epb,tpr_shadow,vnmi,flexpriority,ept,vpid,fsgsbase,tsc_adjust,bmi1,avx2,smep,bmi2,erms,invpcid,xsaveopt,dtherm,ida,arat,pln,pts
 Clock: 2080 MHz
 BogoMips: 4788.92
 Cache: 3072 kb
 Units/Processor: 16
 Config Status: cfg=new, avail=yes, need=no, active=unknown
....

9. nproc - प्रसंस्करण इकाइयों की संख्या प्रिंट करें

$ nproc

$ man commandname

1. Cpustat - Linux में प्रक्रियाओं को चलाकर CPU उपयोग की निगरानी करता है
2. CoreFreq - Linux सिस्टम के लिए एक शक्तिशाली CPU मॉनिटरिंग टूल
3. लिनक्स में उच्चतम मेमोरी और सीपीयू उपयोग द्वारा शीर्ष चल रही प्रक्रियाओं को ढूंढें
4. 'स्ट्रेस-एनजी' टूल का उपयोग करके लिनक्स पर उच्च सीपीयू लोड और तनाव परीक्षण कैसे लागू करें