PHPUnit Testing कॉन्फ़िगर करना

PHPStorm में PHPUnit testing framework सेटअप करने का चरण-दर-चरण गाइड।

पूर्वापेक्षाएँ

• PHPStorm IDE
• PHP interpreter configured
• Composer installed और project में initialized

चरण 1: PHPUnit Install करें

# Composer के माध्यम से (अनुशंसित)
composer require --dev phpunit/phpunit ^10.0

# या specific version
composer require --dev phpunit/phpunit:^9.5 # PHP 7.3+ के लिए

# Verify
./vendor/bin/phpunit --version

चरण 2: phpunit.xml.dist Configuration

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<phpunit xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://schema.phpunit.de/|VERSION|/phpunit.xsd"
         bootstrap="vendor/autoload.php"
         colors="true"
         beStrictAboutTestsThatDoNotTestAnything="true"
         beStrictAboutOutputDuringTests="true"
         beStrictAboutChangesToGlobalState="true">
    
    <testsuites>
        <testsuite name="Unit Tests">
            <directory suffix="Test.php">tests/Unit</directory>
        </testsuite>
        <testsuite name="Integration Tests">
            <directory suffix="Test.php">tests/Integration</directory>
        </testsuite>
    </testsuites>
    
    <source>
        <include>
            <directory>src</directory>
        </include>
    </source>
    
    <php>
        <env name="APP_ENV" value="test"/>
        <env name="DATABASE_URL" value="sqlite:///:memory:"/>
    </php>
    
    <coverage processUncoveredFiles="true">
        <include>
            <directory suffix=".php">src</directory>
        </include>
    </coverage>
</phpunit>

चरण 3: PHPStorm में PHPUnit Configure करें

1. Settings → Languages & Frameworks → PHP → Test Frameworks
2. + → PHPUnit by Remote Interpreter / Local
3. Path to phpunit.phar: vendor/phpunit/phpunit/phpunit (या vendor/bin/phpunit)
4. Default configuration file: phpunit.xml.dist select करें
5. Apply/OK

चरण 4: Test Class Generate करें

<?php
// src/Calculator.php
class Calculator {
    public function add(float $a, float $b): float {
        return $a + $b;
    }
    
    public function divide(float $a, float $b): float {
        if ($b === 0.0) {
            throw new InvalidArgumentException('Cannot divide by zero');
        }
        return $a / $b;
    }
}

PHPStorm में: Calculator class पर Right-click → Generate → PHPUnit Test

<?php
// tests/Unit/CalculatorTest.php
declare(strict_types=1);

namespace Tests\Unit;

use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
use App\Calculator;

class CalculatorTest extends TestCase {
    private Calculator $calculator;
    
    protected function setUp(): void {
        $this->calculator = new Calculator();
    }
    
    public function testAdd(): void {
        $this->assertEquals(5.0, $this->calculator->add(2.0, 3.0));
        $this->assertEquals(0.0, $this->calculator->add(-1.0, 1.0));
    }
    
    public function testDivide(): void {
        $this->assertEquals(2.0, $this->calculator->divide(10.0, 5.0));
    }
    
    public function testDivideByZeroThrowsException(): void {
        $this->expectException(InvalidArgumentException::class);
        $this->expectExceptionMessage('Cannot divide by zero');
        $this->calculator->divide(10.0, 0.0);
    }
    
    // Data provider के साथ
    public function provideAddCases(): array {
        return [
            'positive' => [2, 3, 5],
            'negative' => [-1, -2, -3],
            'zero' => [0, 5, 5],
            'float' => [1.5, 2.5, 4.0],
        ];
    }
    
    /**
     * @dataProvider provideAddCases
     */
    public function testAddDataProvider(float $a, float $b, float $expected): void {
        $this->assertEquals($expected, $this->calculator->add($a, $b));
    }
}

चरण 5: Run और Debug करें

# Command line से
./vendor/bin/phpunit                    # सभी tests
./vendor/bin/phpunit --testsuite "Unit Tests"
./vendor/bin/phpunit tests/Unit/CalculatorTest.php
./vendor/bin/phpunit --filter testAdd   # Specific test

# Coverage के साथ
./vendor/bin/phpunit --coverage-html coverage-report
./vendor/bin/phpunit --coverage-text

PHPStorm में:

• Test class/file पर Right-click → Run 'CalculatorTest'
• Debug icon से Debug करें breakpoints के साथ
• Run Dashboard (View → Tool Windows → Run) से results देखें

Best Practices

• AAA Pattern: Arrange, Act, Assert
• One assertion per test (ideally)
• Descriptive names: testMethodName_Scenario_ExpectedResult
• Isolation: Tests independent होने चाहिए
• Fast: Unit tests < 100ms each