PHP Regex से YouTube Video ID निकालना

YouTube URLs के विभिन्न formats से Video ID निकालने के विश्वसनीय तरीके।

विधि 1: parse_url() + parse_str() (सबसे विश्वसनीय, No Regex)

<?php
function getYouTubeId($url) {
    $parsed = parse_url($url);
    
    if (!$parsed) return null;
    
    // youtube.com/watch?v=VIDEO_ID
    if (isset($parsed['query'])) {
        parse_str($parsed['query'], $query);
        if (isset($query['v'])) return $query['v'];
    }
    
    // youtu.be/VIDEO_ID
    if (isset($parsed['path'])) {
        $path = trim($parsed['path'], '/');
        if ($path) return $path;
    }
    
    // youtube.com/embed/VIDEO_ID
    if (isset($parsed['path'])) {
        $parts = explode('/', trim($parsed['path'], '/'));
        if (isset($parts[1]) && $parts[0] === 'embed') {
            return $parts[1];
        }
    }
    
    return null;
}

// Test cases
$urls = [
    'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VX96I7PO8YU',
    'https://youtu.be/VX96I7PO8YU',
    'https://www.youtube.com/embed/VX96I7PO8YU',
    'https://www.youtube.com/v/VX96I7PO8YU',
    'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VX96I7PO8YU&t=30s',
    'https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=VX96I7PO8YU',
];

foreach ($urls as $url) {
    echo $url . " → " . getYouTubeId($url) . "\n";
}

विधि 2: Regex Pattern (Single Function)

<?php
function getYouTubeIdRegex($url) {
    $pattern = '/(?:youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com\/(?:[^\/\n\s]+\/\S+\/|(?:v|e(?:mbed)?)\/|\S*?[?&]v=)|youtu\.be\/)([a-zA-Z0-9_-]{11})/';
    
    if (preg_match($pattern, $url, $matches)) {
        return $matches[1];
    }
    return null;
}

// Test
$testUrls = [
    'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ',
    'https://youtu.be/dQw4w9WgXcQ',
    'https://www.youtube.com/embed/dQw4w9WgXcQ',
    'https://www.youtube.com/v/dQw4w9WgXcQ',
    'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ&feature=share',
];

foreach ($testUrls as $url) {
    echo getYouTubeIdRegex($url) . "\n"; // All output: dQw4w9WgXcQ
}

Regex Breakdown

/
  (?:                                 # Non-capturing group for URL prefixes
    youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com\/      # youtube.com/ or youtube-nocookie.com/
    (?:                               # Various path patterns
      [^\/\n\s]+\/\S+\/|              # /user/name/ or similar
      (?:v|e(?:mbed)?)\/|             # /v/ or /embed/ or /e/
      \S*?[?&]v=                      # ?v= or &v= anywhere
    )
  |                                   # OR
    youtu\.be\/                       # youtu.be/
  )
  ([a-zA-Z0-9_-]{11})                 # Capture group: 11-char video ID
/x

विधि 3: Multiple Formats Handle करने वाला Robust Function

<?php
function extractYouTubeId(string $url): ?string {
    // Clean URL
    $url = trim($url);
    
    // Pattern 1: Standard watch URLs
    if (preg_match('/[?&]v=([a-zA-Z0-9_-]{11})/', $url, $m)) return $m[1];
    
    // Pattern 2: youtu.be short URLs
    if (preg_match('/youtu\.be\/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]{11})/', $url, $m)) return $m[1];
    
    // Pattern 3: Embed URLs
    if (preg_match('/\/embed\/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]{11})/', $url, $m)) return $m[1];
    
    // Pattern 4: /v/ URLs (old format)
    if (preg_match('/\/v\/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]{11})/', $url, $m)) return $m[1];
    
    // Pattern 5: Shorts
    if (preg_match('/\/shorts\/([a-zA-Z0-9_-]{11})/', $url, $m)) return $m[1];
    
    return null;
}

// Validate video ID format
function isValidYouTubeId(string $id): bool {
    return preg_match('/^[a-zA-Z0-9_-]{11}$/', $id) === 1;
}

URL Formats Supported

चेतावनी

Regex-based solutions brittle हो सकते हैं जब YouTube URL format बदलता है। parse_url() + parse_str() approach अधिक robust है क्योंकि यह URL structure पर निर्भर करता है, specific patterns पर नहीं।